Brick-machine



(No Model.) V 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

R. B. WILSON.

BRICK MACHINE.

No. 267,814. Patented Nov. 21. 1882.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT E. WILSON, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

BRICK-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,814, dated November 21, 1882,

' Application filed August 19, 1862. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT E. WILSON, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented an Improve ment in BrickMachines, of which the following is a specification, to wit:

My invention relates to machines for forming and pressing brick; and it consists in the combination, with a bed or mainframe, of a slidin g carriage or frame constructed to operate the pressing devices, and in such other novel points as will be hereinafter more fully described, and specifically pointed out in the claims. y

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to avail themselves of the benefits of the same, 1 will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the accompanying drawin gs, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of my machine, showing the slidingcarriage at the rear end of its stroke; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same at the forward end of the stroke; Fig.3, a central longitudinal section through the machine in the position shown in Fig, 2; Fig. 4, a plan View of the bed with its slidingframe, all mechanism above said frame being removed. Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan View of one of the rear corners of the machine, showing the friction-rollers in bedframe, and position and action of the delivery-slide. Fig. 6 is a crosssection of the machinejust in rear. of the forward pressing mechanism, and Fig..7 is a detail view of part of the delivery-slide.

Similar letters of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views.

A represents the bed of my machine, and B a frame or carriage sliding horizon tally inways O G, secured to the bed. These ways or guides O O are supplied with anti-friction rollers c c at the points where pressure is given to the clay during the formation of bricks, in order that the carriage may move with the greatest ease. The bed or main frame A is provided at suitable intervals Withcross-bars A, running across the machine, and upon the centers of these cross-bars are set the boxes or pressin g-chambers D D, into which the clay is fed from a hopper. (Shown by dotted lines in Fig. 1.)

The plungers E E rest upon the cross-bars A, which form the bottom of the pressingchambers D D, and each of these plungers or followers is bifurcated at its rear end, and is provided with a friction-roller, e, as shown. One of the plungers (marked E) in each pair is longer than the other for a purpose which will be presently seen. Over each of the plungers E E is a cap, F, which is bolted to the box D and the bed A, and is connected to the crossbar A by metal straps f f to act as guides, preventing the plungers from getting out of place during the operation of the machine. The plunger E has always its forward end within the box D, and needs no other guide than the straps f f; but the shorter plunger E, being drawn completely out of the box to facilitate the discharge of the pressed bricks, has its rear end provided with projections above and below,which overlap the edges of the caps F and. cross-bar A ,as seen ate, and thus serve to keep this plunger always in line. The caps F are slotted transversely from the bed Ato the box D, as seen atf, and the pivot of the friction-Wheel e'is extended upward through this slot, and its upper end provided with'another roller 6 abovethe cap.

Dare provided near their upper edges with slots 01 d, in which works a cut-off. slide, D, having one end solid, as shown,and the other provided with an opening, d, of a size correspending with the interior of the pressingchamber, and on the end next the end bar of thesliding frame these slides D D are provided with a beveled catch or projection, d The end bars of the sliding sashor frame are each provided with a latch, B, having beveled hooks 12 upon their inner sides to engage with the projection cl on the cut-oft slides. These latches B B are secured to the short standards I) I), having headed lower ends, and free to slide vertically through the sash or frame B. The bed A is provided with two rods, (1 a, which extend across the machine from side to side of the bed at the proper points, and as the sash B slides back and forward in its ways the headed lower ends of the standards b are struck and raised by these rods a, carrying with them the latches B for engagement and disengagement with the out off slide D. The movement of these latches is limited by a set-screw, bflpassing through the latch and bearing on the frame B. The plungers E E are thrown forward at the proper time, in the movement of the sliding sash, by a series of cams upon the tracks L M on the inner sides of said sash, upon which the friction-rollers 0 run, and are retracted again by two canrbars, G G, secured to the frame above the caps F, and bearin g against the friction-rollers 6 as shown.

H is a sliding bar running longitudinally through the machine upon one side of the boxes D D, flush with the upper surface of the cross-bar A, and this baris connected at each end to. a slotted lever, I, pivoted to a projection, I, on the bed of the machine, near the opposite side of the same, and extending a shortdistancebeyond said pivotal point. Upon each end of the sliding sash is a small dog, h, arrangedto strike the short arm of the levers I at the proper time to give the slide H a reciprocating motion for the purpose of carryslide is rapid the brick might slide upon its.

. smooth surface, and to prevent this I provide chamber is closed, the brick having been the slide, in the rear of the points at which the brick is fed upon it, with a dog, It, pivotedin a slot in the slide, and held above its upper surface by a spring, W, as seen in Fig. 7. r

In operation, when the sash or frame B is at the extreme rear end of its stroke, as seen in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the rear pressingformed, fed out onto the slide H, and carried off. The plungers E E are drawn back as far as possible, and the other thrown forward until it is entirely within the pressing-box. The forward pressure-chamber is open, the cutoff slide being engaged with the catch on the sash, and shoved back until the opening d is over the box D, allowing theclay to be fed down. The plungers E E are drawn back andtheir friction-rollers rest against the tracks i upon opposite sides of the sliding frame. These tracks are straight for a short distance, so that when the sash starts forward the plungers will not be forced up until the slide has been closed over the top of the pressing-chamber. When the chamber has been closed and the feed of the clay: cut off the standards b I) strike and are raised by the rod or, thus disengaging the catch B from the slide. In the meantime the plunger E of the rear pair is being forced back by the contact of the cam-bar G with the roller 0 and the plunger E forced forward into the box by the cam 0 on the track M. As the frame moves forward the plungers in the forward paif are forced together by the cams l muntil the brick has been sufficiently pressed. The other plungers have now been forced back by the bars G G until the rear press-box is entirely free. At this point the catch B at the rear end of the sash is raised and engaged with the slide D, and as this slide is moved back by the motion of the frame to open the press-box to receive the clay the short plunger E of the. forward pair is suddenly retracted by the cam-bar G until it has entirely left the box, the track M being cut away at o to allow of this retraction. At the same time the plunger E is forced forward by the cam a, carrying the pressed brick with it, until it rests on the slide H outside of the press-box. At this moment the dog h upon the rear end of the frame strikes the lever I and moves the slide out, where the brick can easily be reached and removed by a workman.

lated by a short plate, g, placed on top of the bars G G, near their ends, and secured by setscrews passing through slots g g, in order to' render the plates adjustable.

The power is applied by means of a pitman, P, secured to one end of the sliding frame and connected to an engine or other suitable motive power. The slide H works under the plungers E E, and the dog h, being hinged in the slide, passes readily under the plunger, and is thrown up again by the spring beneath it.

It is obvious that the constructionof this machine may be changed somewhat without departing from the spirit of my invention-as,

for instance, the sliding carriage may be made stationary, and the pressure-boxes and their plungers be constructed to slide back and forth to produce the same result. It will be seen that all the bearing parts of the machine are provided with anti-friction rollers to reduce the friction and, bring the power required to run the machine to the lowest possible point. The machine may also be made vertical without material change, and in this case may also be cut in two and worked with the sash in two parts having the same or an alternating motion.

It will be found advantageous to provide the pressing-chambers with air-vents, as shown in the drawings, and they should be very small to press half-dried brick, as is now usually done is usually known as a dry-brick machine,

being adapted to form the bricks from the material as taken fromthe ground without moistenin g or similar preparation.

Having thus fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a brick-machine, the combination of a pressure-chamber, a sliding cut-off, apair of plungers of unequal length, and suitable operatin g mechanism, substantially as described.

'2. Inabrick-machine, the combination, with two or more pressure chambers or boxes provided with sliding cut-offs, and having opposite plungers of unequal length, of a carriage or frame provided with means for operating the sliding cu t-oft's, and with cams and retracti n g cam-bars adapted to advance and retract the plungers, substantially as-described.

3. In a brick-machine, the combination, with pressure-chambers having plungers and sliding cut-offs, of a reciprocating carriage adapted to operate said plungers and cut-offs, sub stantially as described.

4. In a brick-machin e, the combination, with a pair of pressure-chambers, each provided with plungers and cut-offs, of a reciprocating carriage adapted to actuate said'plungers and cut-ofl's in such a manner that during a single movement of the carriage in eitherdirection the material in one chamber will be pressed and discharged while the other chamber is being filled, substantially as described.

i 5. In a brick-machine, the combination, with a pair of pressure-chambers, each provided with a pair of reciprocating plungers and a sliding cut-oft, of a sliding carriage provided with devices adapted to actuate the cut-offs and alternately cover and uncover the pressure-chambers, and having means for advancing and retracting the plungers, whereby in alternate chambers both plungers are advanced to press the brick, and one retracted while the other is advanced to discharge the brick, substantially as described.

6. In a brick-machine, the combination of a bed or frame having guides or ways provided with friction-rollers, pressure-chambers supported on said frame and having sliding outofi's, reciprocating plungers provided with friction-rollers, and a sliding carriage adapted to operate said plungers and cut-offs, substan tially as described.

7. In a brick-machine, the combination of pressure-chambers having reciprocating plungers and cut-offs, a reciprocating delivery-slide,

and a reciprocating carriage adapted to .operate said cut-offs, plungers, and slide, whereby the bricks are pressed and delivercd,substantially as described.

8. In a'brick-machine, the combination of pressure-chambers arranged in pairs, slotted movable cut-offs adapted to alternately cover and uncover said chambers, plungers of unequal length adapted to press the material in said chambers, a reciprocating delivery-slide, and a carriage having means for actuating said cut-offs, plungers, and slide, whereby one chamber in each pair may be filled with material while a brick is pressed in and delivered from the other chamber, substantially as, de-

scribed.

9. In a brick-machine,two stationary pressing-chambers, each provided with a pair of reciprocating plungers, in combination with a horizontally-sliding carriage adapted first to advance the plungers to press the brick and then retract one plunger in each pair while the other is advanced to discharge the brick, and finally to return the plungers to their normal position,substantiallyas described and shown.

10. The combination, in a brick-machine, of a stationary pressing-chamber, provided with a sliding cut-off, with a horizontallymeciproeating carriage adapted to be engaged with and disengaged from the cut-off at stated points in its movement, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. In a brick-machine, a reciprocating delivery-slide, in combination with a reciprocating carriage adapted to engage with and operate the slide to deliver the brick, substantially as described and shown.

12. The combination, in a brick-machine, of a reciprocating delivery-slide, an operating lever or arm, and .a horizontally-reciprocating carriage provided with a dog foreugagement with the said operating-lever, substantially as. and for the purpose described.

13. In a brick-machine, a reciprocating delivery-slide provided with spring-actuated dogs,

substantially as and for the purpose described.

14. Thelatch B, having hooked ends Z) b and standards I) 1), adapted to slide vertically through the sliding carriage B, in combination with means for raising the latch, substantially as described and shown.

15. The combination, in a brick-machine, of the reciprocating plungers E E, provided with friction-rollers 6 0 with a horizontally-reciprocating carriage having cam-tracks L M, and

retracting devices or bars G G, shaped to correspond with their respective tracks, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. In a brick-machine, the adjustable auxiliary plates g, by means of which the size ofthe pressing-chambers may be regulated to receive alarger or smaller quantity of material, substantially as shown and described.

17. The retracting bars G G, provided with the adjustable auxiliary plates 9 g' near their ends, substantially as described and shown.

18. In a brick-machine, the plungers E E, moving between guides, in combination with the cross-bar A and caps F, substantially as described and shown.

19. The combination, in a brick-machine, of

the plnngers E E, having guides c, with the In testimony whereof I affix my signature in 10 cross-bar A, and slotted caps F, connected by presence of two witnesses. metal straps ff, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. ROBERT B. \VILSON.

20. 111 a brick-machine, the sliding cut-off D, provided with opening d for the passage Witnesses: of material, in combination with the pressing- J. E. STEVENSON, chamber 1), substantially as shown and de- FRANK JOHNSON. scribed. 

